Efficacy of adding midazolam to paracetamol in pain control of patients with a primary headache: A randomized, clinical trial study
Mahin Amini-Parikhani1
, Amir Ghaffarazad2, Hassan Soleimanpour3, Haniyeh Ebrahimi-Bakhtavar2, Farzad Rahmani4
1Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, East Azerbaijan, I. R, Tabriz, Iran
2Emergency Medicine Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, I. R, Tabriz, Iran
3Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
4Emergency Medicine Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Keywords: Emergency ward, headache, midazolam, migraine, paracetamol, tension headache
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the effect of adding intravenous midazolam to paracetamol in the treatment of patients with primary headache referring to the emergency department.
METHODS: In a randomized clinical trial, 120 patients (18–65 years old) with primary headache referring to the emergency department were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups (case: paracetamol + midazolam and control: paracetamol + placebo), and the treatment was administered based on the treatment group. The severity of pain (according to the initial Visual Analog Scale) and at different times after the treatment onset (15, 30, and 60 min) and the degree of satisfaction with the treatment were compared in two groups of patients.
RESULTS: There were no statistically difference between the two groups about the median of pain severity at the time of 0 min (case: 8 vs. control: 8), 15 min (case: 6 vs. control: 6), and 30 min (case: 4 vs. control: 4) with P > 0.05. Headache severity at 60 min after the treatment onset in the case group (median: 1) was less than that of the control group (median: 3). There was also a statistically significant difference in the median of patient satisfaction in the case group (case: 9 and control: 7 with P < 0.001) and satisfaction in the case group was higher.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on our primary and secondary outcomes and the results of the study, we conclude that adding intravenous midazolam to paracetamol do not improve the therapeutic response ratio over time, but the effect of this intervention appeared after 1 h.
How to cite this article: Amini-Parikhani M, Ghaffarazad A, Soleimanpour H, Ebrahimi-Bakhtavar H, Rahmani F. Efficacy of adding midazolam to paracetamol in pain control of patients with a primary headache: A randomized, clinical trial study. Turk J Emerg Med 2020;20:63-8
This project was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences with the code IR.TBZMED. REC.1395.325 on 04.07.2016. IRCT (Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials) code of this study is IRCT2016013112592N3.
All authors have read and approved the manuscript. Haniyeh Ebnrahimi‐Bakhtavar conceived and designed the experiments, Mahin Amini‐Parikhani performed the experiments, Amir Ghaffarzad analyzed and interpreted the data, Hassan Soleimanpour contributed reagents, materials, analysis tools or data, and Farzad Rahmani wrote the paper.
None declared.
None declared.
The authors are grateful to all participated in the study. This article was written based on dataset of M.A. thesis entitled “The Effect of Adding Intravenous Midazolam to Apotel® in the treatment of patients with primary headache referred to the emergency department,” registered in our University of Medical Sciences (No: 94/1‐5/19 January 02, 2016).